{"id":1645,"date":"2015-06-02T05:57:19","date_gmt":"2015-06-02T05:57:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.enago.com.tr\/blog\/?p=1645"},"modified":"2020-02-26T15:45:07","modified_gmt":"2020-02-26T12:45:07","slug":"intihal-tanimlamanin-zorlugu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/intihal-tanimlamanin-zorlugu\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130ntihali Tan\u0131mlaman\u0131n Zorlu\u011fu"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0130ntihal ya da eser h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u0131saca ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n eserini veya bulu\u015funu kaynak g\u00f6stermeksizin kendine aitmi\u015f gibi kullanmakt\u0131r. \u00a0Bunu yapan ki\u015fi de a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a bir sahtekarl\u0131k su\u00e7u i\u015flemektedir. Bir eser bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 \u015fekilde kopyalanabilir.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.plagiarism.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Plagiarism.org<\/a> sitesi en yayg\u0131n intihal \u00e7e\u015fitlerini pop\u00fclerlik durumuna s\u0131ralam\u0131\u015f:<\/p>\n<div id=\"om-ekmxphdtaxjswhntqedb-holder\"><\/div>\n<p><script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"https:\/\/a.opmnstr.com\/app\/js\/api.min.js\" data-campaign=\"ekmxphdtaxjswhntqedb\" data-user=\"41855\" async><\/script><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><b>Klon: <\/b>Bir ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n eserini kendininmi\u015f gibi kelimesi kelimesine taklit etmek.<b><\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Ctrl-C<\/b>: Herhangi bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik yapmadan eserin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc tamamen ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde kopyalamak.<b><\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Bul ve Yerde\u011fi\u015ftir:<\/b> Ba\u015fka birinden kopyalanan baz\u0131 kelime ve kelime kal\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmek fakat c\u00fcmlenin geri kalan\u0131n\u0131 oldu\u011fu gibi tutmak.<b><\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak:<\/b> Farkl\u0131 kaynaklardan kelimeleri ve c\u00fcmleleri bir yerde toplamak.<b><\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>\u00c7\u00f6pten almak:<\/b> Yazar\u0131n eski \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndan herhangi bir kaynak g\u00f6stermeden c\u00fcmle kopyalamak.<b><\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Melez:<\/b> Herhangi bir al\u0131nt\u0131lama yapmadan baz\u0131 c\u00fcmleleri kopyalay\u0131p tek bir eserde birle\u015ftirmek.<b><\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Ezmek:<\/b> Farkl\u0131 kaynaklardaki kopya materyali kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak.<b><\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>404 Hatas\u0131:<\/b> Yanl\u0131\u015f ya da olmayan kaynaklara al\u0131nt\u0131lama yapmak.<b><\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Toplay\u0131c\u0131: <\/b>T\u00fcm kaynaklara al\u0131nt\u0131lama yapmak fakat orijinal hi\u00e7bir eserin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada olmamas\u0131. <b><\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Re-Tweet: <\/b>Metnin orijinal ifadeleri ile ayn\u0131 olacak \u015fekilde al\u0131nt\u0131lama yapmak.<b><\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Bu t\u00fcr eylemlerin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 basit bir d\u00fczeltmeden tutun da ciddi hukuksal yapt\u0131r\u0131mlara kadar bir\u00e7ok neden do\u011furabilir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Niyetin Belirlenmesi<\/strong><br \/>\n\u0130ntihalin belirlenmesinin alt\u0131nda yatan neden kime ne \u015fekilde <a title=\"Kopya Yay\u0131n Bir \u0130ntihal Midir?\" href=\"https:\/\/www.enago.com.tr\/blog\/kopya-yayin-bir-intihal-midir\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">al\u0131nt\u0131lama<\/a> yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan daha \u00e7ok bunun bilerek mi yoksa bilmeyerek mi yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Plagiarism.org\u2019un s\u0131ralamas\u0131 da bu k\u00f6t\u00fc niyetin hangi seviyelerde oldu\u011fu ile ilgilidir. \u00d6rne\u011fin yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi y\u00fczde y\u00fcz e\u015fle\u015fme yazar\u0131n ne yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n fark\u0131nda oldu\u011funu ve bilerek kopyalad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor. Yazar yukar\u0131daki intihal ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131na g\u00f6re hem toplay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k yapm\u0131\u015f hem de melez bir kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m kullanm\u0131\u015f ise yaz\u0131l\u0131m onu mutlaka yakalayacakt\u0131r. Fakat soru \u015fu, bu hangi seviyede bir intihal olacak?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kas\u0131ts\u0131z \u0130ntihal<\/strong><br \/>\nKopya materyal bulan yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131n kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 ders m\u00fcfredatlar\u0131nda ya da makale teslim \u015fartlar\u0131nda net bir \u015fekilde belirtilse bile, intihal halen akademik yazarl\u0131kta b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sorun olmaya devam ediyor. \u00d6zellikle bitirme s\u00fcresi yakla\u015fan \u00f6\u011frenciler bu i\u015fe daha yatk\u0131n oluyorlar. Zaten \u00e7o\u011fu profes\u00f6r veya \u00f6\u011fretim \u00fcyesi bu i\u015f i\u00e7in herhangi bir yaz\u0131l\u0131m kullanm\u0131yorlar. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00e7o\u011fu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada intihali yaz\u0131l\u0131m olmadan da anlayabiliyorlar. \u00c7o\u011funlu\u011fu zay\u0131f yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmada kaliteli baz\u0131 c\u00fcmleler ve paragraflar g\u00f6rmek intihal i\u00e7in \u015f\u00fcphe \u00e7eken \u015feylerdir ve \u00f6\u011fretmenler genelde bunu bir bak\u0131\u015fta yakalarlar.<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Bir Yazar \u0130ntihal \u0130ddialar\u0131na Nas\u0131l Cevap Vermelidir?\" href=\"https:\/\/www.enago.com.tr\/blog\/intihal-iddialarina-nasil-cevap-vermelidir\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u0130ntihal<\/a> konusunda i\u015fin bir de ba\u015fka bir boyutu var. Bazen yanl\u0131\u015f al\u0131nt\u0131lamalar veya yanl\u0131\u015f kullan\u0131lan c\u00fcmeleler sonucunda istemeden de olsa intihal yap\u0131labilir. Bu \u015fekilde yap\u0131lan hatalar tabi ki de niyet bak\u0131m\u0131ndan yukar\u0131daki \u00f6rnekler ile ayn\u0131 kefeye konmazlar. Baz\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar ile ayn\u0131 yaz\u0131m stiline sahip olan yeni ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar da istemeden baz\u0131 hatalar yapabilir ve intihal ile su\u00e7lanabilirler. Bu y\u00fczden ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar gerekli yaz\u0131m stili hakk\u0131nda da destek almal\u0131d\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n<p>Enstit\u00fcler ve akademik dergiler kendilerini davalardan korumak i\u00e7in intihal politikalar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendiriyorlar. Fakat bu da ba\u015fka sorunlara neden oluyor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc intihal yapan\u0131n niyetini tahmin etmek kolay bir i\u015f de\u011fildir. Bunu yapan\u0131 otomatikman cezaland\u0131rmak yerine gerekirse tekrar e\u011fitim verme yoluna girilebilir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0130ntihal ya da eser h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u0131saca ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n eserini veya bulu\u015funu kaynak g\u00f6stermeksizin kendine aitmi\u015f gibi [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8267,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1489,1492],"tags":[1531,1561],"ppma_author":[1656],"class_list":["post-1645","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-reporting-research","category-manuscripts-grants","tag-all-about-plagiarism","tag-avoiding-plagiarism"],"acf":[],"single_webinar_page_date":null,"single_webinar_page_time":null,"session_agenda":null,"who_should_attend_this_session":null,"about_the_speaker_field":null,"co-webinar-sec":null,"co_webinar_sec_one":null,"speaker-name":null,"webinar-date":null,"webinar-time":null,"webinar-s-image":null,"custum_webinar_category":null,"authors":[{"term_id":1656,"user_id":8267,"is_guest":0,"slug":"developersid","display_name":"developersid","avatar_url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/ac1364def40b04953d83a9610d34a15281886a26dfb5260bf0ec6b4f98db3d40?s=96&d=mm&r=g","author_category":"1","first_name":"Nilesh","last_name":"Waghela","user_url":"","job_title":"","description":""}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1645","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8267"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1645"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1645\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":21954,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1645\/revisions\/21954"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1645"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1645"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1645"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=1645"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}