{"id":2293,"date":"2016-02-19T14:23:16","date_gmt":"2016-02-19T10:53:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.enago.com.tr\/blog\/?p=2293"},"modified":"2021-04-28T17:42:29","modified_gmt":"2021-04-28T14:42:29","slug":"acik-erisimin-ekonomik-boyutu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/acik-erisimin-ekonomik-boyutu\/","title":{"rendered":"A\u00e7\u0131k Eri\u015fimin Ekonomik Boyutu\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Muazzam b\u00fcy\u00fcme<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A\u00e7\u0131k eri\u015fimli platform say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0katlanarak artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu g\u00fcnlerde, <em>Directory of Open Access Journals<\/em>\u2019a g\u00f6re 135 \u00fclkede, 10.000\u2019in \u00fczerinde hakemli a\u00e7\u0131k eri\u015fim dergisi bulunmaktad\u0131r ve bunlar \u015fimdiye kadar 1.7 milyonun \u00fczerinde arama yap\u0131labilen makale yay\u0131nlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde, d\u00fcnyadaki bilimsel dergilerin yakla\u015f\u0131k \u00fc\u00e7te biri\u00a0internet eri\u015fimi olan herkese a\u00e7\u0131k durumdad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<div id=\"om-ceko1gku0mkfe69nxkbs-holder\"><\/div>\n<p><script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"https:\/\/a.omappapi.com\/app\/js\/api.min.js\" data-campaign=\"ceko1gku0mkfe69nxkbs\" data-user=\"41855\" async><\/script><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Her \u015fey para i\u00e7in mi?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2005 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u201cCreative Commons Lisans\u0131\u201d modelinin benimsenmesi ile a\u00e7\u0131k eri\u015fim, geni\u015f bir akademik ara\u015ft\u0131rma hazinesini k\u00fcresel okuyucu kitlesine sunmay\u0131 ba\u015farm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6te yandan, bu dok\u00fcmanlar\u0131n herkes taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenebilir olmas\u0131, a\u00e7\u0131k eri\u015fimin tamamen \u00fccretsiz oldu\u011fu alg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Peki, a\u00e7\u0131k eri\u015fimde b\u00fct\u00fcn kaynaklar ger\u00e7ekten \u00fccretsiz midir? Asl\u0131na bak\u0131l\u0131rsa, okuyucular i\u00e7in \u00fccretsiz olsa bile, bu hizmetin \u00fccretli olarak sa\u011flanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in baz\u0131 finansal modeller bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu finansal modellere g\u00f6z atmadan \u00f6nce, a\u00e7\u0131k eri\u015fimin pop\u00fcler hale gelmesi ile birlikte geleneksel ara\u015ft\u0131rma dergilerinin ne gibi politikalar geli\u015ftirdiklerine ve k\u00fct\u00fcphanelerin bundan nas\u0131l etkilendi\u011fine bir g\u00f6z atal\u0131m.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A\u00e7\u0131k eri\u015fimin 2000 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ortalar\u0131ndan itibaren giderek yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131, geleneksel dergi yay\u0131nc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n abonelik \u00fccretlerini artt\u0131rmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131. Bu durum, abonelikleri sat\u0131n alan k\u00fct\u00fcphanelerin b\u00fct\u00e7elerinde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131ya neden oldu.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ara\u015ft\u0131rma K\u00fct\u00fcphaneleri Birli\u011fi\u2019ne g\u00f6re, \u2018Dergi Krizi\u2019 1989\u2019dan 2003 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar ortalama %315 fiyat art\u0131\u015f\u0131na yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. K\u00fct\u00fcphaneler, \u201colmazsa olmaz\u201d prestijli dergilere \u00fcyeliklerini devam ettirebilmek i\u00e7in, daha az prestijli dergilerden vazge\u00e7mek durumunda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, daha az prestijli dergilerin de abonelik gelirleri azalm\u0131\u015f ve maalesef bir k\u0131sm\u0131 yay\u0131n hayatlar\u0131na son vermek zorunda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Birileri \u00f6demek zorunda<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Elbette ki, a\u00e7\u0131k eri\u015fim dergilerinin de kar\u015f\u0131lamak zorunda oldu\u011fu baz\u0131 masraflar var. Bunlar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak ad\u0131na, aboneler yerine yazarlar\u0131n \u00f6demek durumunda oldu\u011fu \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00fccretler getirilmi\u015ftir. Art\u0131k yazarlar ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131n olabildi\u011fince geni\u015f bir okuyucu kitlesine ula\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in, \u2018makale de\u011ferlendirme \u00fccreti\u2019 ya da \u2018makale de\u011ferlendirme masraflar\u0131\u2019 ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda belli bir \u00f6deme yapmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu \u00fccretleri bazen yazarlar\u0131n ba\u011fl\u0131 olduklar\u0131 kurumlar ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmektedir, bazen de sponsorlar \u00fcstlenmektedir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, maa\u015flar\u0131 \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek olmayan akademisyenler ve hen\u00fcz kendi ayaklar\u0131 \u00fczerinde durmaya ba\u015flamam\u0131\u015f \u00f6\u011frenciler b\u00fcy\u00fck bir y\u00fckten kurtulmu\u015f olmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6te yandan, kurumlar da sadece ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7in de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda onlar\u0131n makale i\u015flem masraflar\u0131 i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 b\u00fct\u00e7e tutmak durumunda kalmaktad\u0131r!<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Baz\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k eri\u015fim yay\u0131nc\u0131lar\u0131 ise kurumsal \u00fcyelik yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ortaya atm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak, b\u00f6yle bir uygulama uzun vadede a\u00e7\u0131k eri\u015fim dergilerinin finansman\u0131n\u0131 daha riskli bir hale getirebilir. Bu nedenle, bunun \u00f6zellikle k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yay\u0131nc\u0131lar i\u00e7in ideal bir model olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u015fik\u00e2rd\u0131r!<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>B\u00fct\u00fcn fiyatland\u0131rmalar g\u00f6receli<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Evet, a\u00e7\u0131k eri\u015fim dergilerinin kar\u015f\u0131lamak zorunda oldu\u011fu baz\u0131 genel masraflar\u0131 var ve bunlar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in abonelik modeli yerine yazar \u00f6demeli model kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. Fakat asl\u0131na bak\u0131l\u0131rsa, a\u00e7\u0131k eri\u015fimde \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck paralar d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. Genel masraflar, makale de\u011ferlendirme masraflar\u0131 ile kar\u015f\u0131land\u0131ktan sonra, geriye kalan gelire pek de fazla dikkat \u00e7ekilmiyor. Ancak biz \u015fu \u00f6rne\u011fin epey \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyoruz: 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda rakipleri makale de\u011ferlendirme gelirlerini %25 artt\u0131r\u0131rken, makale de\u011ferlendirme \u00fccretlerini sabit tutmaya karar veren <em>Public Library of Science<\/em>, yine de gelirlerini %23 oran\u0131nda art\u0131rm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A\u00e7\u0131k eri\u015fimin bilgiyi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan en geni\u015f hedef kitleye eri\u015febilir k\u0131lma misyonu ger\u00e7ekten takdiri hak ediyor. Ancak abone \u00fccretleri ya da makale de\u011ferlendirme masraflar\u0131 y\u00fckselmeye devam ederse, o zaman bu misyonun bir kez daha sorgulanmas\u0131 gerekecek!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Muazzam b\u00fcy\u00fcme A\u00e7\u0131k eri\u015fimli platform say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0katlanarak artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu g\u00fcnlerde, Directory of Open Access Journals\u2019a g\u00f6re [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1741,"featured_media":20409,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1507,1508],"tags":[1441],"ppma_author":[],"class_list":["post-2293","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-industry-news","category-publishing-news","tag-open-access"],"acf":[],"single_webinar_page_date":null,"single_webinar_page_time":null,"session_agenda":null,"who_should_attend_this_session":null,"about_the_speaker_field":null,"co-webinar-sec":null,"co_webinar_sec_one":null,"speaker-name":null,"webinar-date":null,"webinar-time":null,"webinar-s-image":null,"custum_webinar_category":null,"authors":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2293","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1741"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2293"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2293\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29608,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2293\/revisions\/29608"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20409"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2293"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2293"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2293"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=2293"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}