{"id":2426,"date":"2016-04-13T14:03:50","date_gmt":"2016-04-13T10:33:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.enago.com.tr\/blog\/?p=2426"},"modified":"2021-04-16T17:19:25","modified_gmt":"2021-04-16T14:19:25","slug":"negatif-sonuclari-yayimlamak-neden-onemlidir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/negatif-sonuclari-yayimlamak-neden-onemlidir\/","title":{"rendered":"Negatif sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 yay\u0131mlamak neden \u00f6nemlidir?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Temel ve preklinik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131kl\u0131kla farkedilmektedir. Asl\u0131nda \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131lamayan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar literat\u00fcrde kalmaya devam etse de, di\u011fer ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar bulgular\u0131 tekrar etme u\u011fra\u015flar\u0131yla hem zaman, hem de kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 kaybediyorlar. Bu gereksiz israf\u0131 engellemek ve ayn\u0131 zamanda a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak bilim ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lara \u00f6zg\u00fcn ve daha iyi metodoloji \u00a0y\u00fcr\u00fctmelerinde yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak yolunda negatif veri yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir. Buna ek olarak, bu tarz veri yay\u0131nlayabilmek i\u00e7in, yay\u0131nc\u0131lar\u0131n daha iyi yay\u0131nlama modelleri geli\u015ftirmeleri gerekir; buna \u00f6rnek olarak Faculty of 1000 Research (<a rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/\">https:\/\/f1000research.com\/<\/a>; F1000Research) verilebilir. \u00d6zellikle end\u00fcstride yap\u0131lan preklinik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar \u00fcst\u00fcne yo\u011funla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0Bu model yay\u0131nc\u0131 ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lara hala yeni olsa da, bir\u00e7ok ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 bu yeni giri\u015fime prensipte olduk\u00e7a heveslidir. Yine de, bu tarz yay\u0131nlar\u0131n art\u0131\u015f\u0131 hala olduk\u00e7a az ve etkileri hala g\u00f6r\u00fclmeyi beklemektedir. Bu yeni geli\u015fime bir cevap olarak, Ulusal Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fctleri ve di\u011fer kurulu\u015flar, daha \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k, veri analizi ve titiz ara\u015ft\u0131rma metodlar\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 duyan k\u0131lavuzlar olu\u015fturmu\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<div id=\"om-ceko1gku0mkfe69nxkbs-holder\"><\/div>\n<p><script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"https:\/\/a.omappapi.com\/app\/js\/api.min.js\" data-campaign=\"ceko1gku0mkfe69nxkbs\" data-user=\"41855\" async><\/script><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Negatif veri yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131\u015f\u0131yla birlikte ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, akademik bulgular\u0131 \u00e7o\u011faltma s\u00fcrecinde birikmi\u015f ve hen\u00fcz yay\u0131mlanmam\u0131\u015f verileri yay\u0131mlatma imkan\u0131 bulacaklard\u0131r. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar genellikle kurum i\u00e7indeki verileri yay\u0131mlamaz ancak negatif veri yay\u0131mlanmas\u0131, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lara, literat\u00fcr\u00fcn d\u00fczeltilmesi ve yarars\u0131z projelerde harcanacak zaman\u0131n kazan\u0131lmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan yarar sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Negatif bulgular\u0131n yay\u0131mlanmas\u0131 konusundaki uzman g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.enago.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/4.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2230 alignleft lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.enago.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/4.jpg\" alt=\"4\" width=\"104\" height=\"110\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 104px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 104\/110;\" \/><\/a>Tarafs\u0131z bilimin \u00f6zg\u00fcn hipotezlerin olu\u015fturulmas\u0131na ortam haz\u0131rlamak a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan negatif sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu a\u015fikard\u0131r. Ancak, bu mesele bilim felsefesinin kalbine iniyor ve kar amac\u0131 g\u00fctmeyen bilime a\u011f\u0131r geliyor.\u00a0Faydac\u0131l bilimlerin k\u00fcresel egemenli\u011fiyle, negatif sonu\u00e7lar genellikle k\u00f6t\u00fc fikirlerin belirticisi olarak alg\u0131lan\u0131yor. Bununla birlikte, Einstein\u2019\u0131n atom bombas\u0131yla ilgili bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve 100 y\u0131l \u00f6ncesinin fizik\u00e7ilerinin \u015fimdiki bili\u015fim teknolojilerine katk\u0131lar\u0131ndan haberdar olmad\u0131klar\u0131 gibi, bug\u00fcn\u00fcn sicim teorisyenleri de kendi matematiksel modellerinin birg\u00fcn ge\u00e7erli k\u0131l\u0131n\u0131p k\u0131l\u0131nmayaca\u011f\u0131 ve kendi ba\u015flar\u0131na yararl\u0131 olup olmayaca\u011f\u0131 konusunda bir tahmin y\u00fcr\u00fctemiyorlar.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Negatif veriler ne yaz\u0131k ki kullan\u0131labilir hale getirilmedikleri zaman yarars\u0131zd\u0131r; ancak, genellikle, negatif sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131 bir yana, ge\u00e7erli k\u0131lma \u00e7abas\u0131 bile garanti de\u011fildir. Bununla beraber, klinik denemeler, sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmeden ileriye d\u00f6n\u00fck planlara g\u00f6re yap\u0131l\u0131r, oysa ki, temel ara\u015ft\u0131rma benzerleri h\u0131zla olumsuz verilerin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda iptal edilmi\u015ftir. Bununla birlikte, temel biyolojik bilimler, molek\u00fcler sistemlerin karma\u015f\u0131k a\u011flar\u0131yla doludur ve sistem biyologlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 t\u00fcm molek\u00fcler yollar\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmaz entegrasyonunu g\u00f6stermektedir. B\u00f6ylelikle, kontrol edilemeyen biyolojik karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, molek\u00fcller aras\u0131ndaki tekrar edilemeyen birliklerin yorumlanmas\u0131 muhtemelden ziyade m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Biolojik sistemler ile ilgili ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n tekrar edilebilmesi zor olaca\u011f\u0131ndan, negatif sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n, herhangi bir dergide yay\u0131nlanmasa bile bir yere not edilmesi ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar ve gelecek ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan yararl\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>PhD, Kanser,\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Bilimsel ve T\u0131bbi Yaz\u0131mda 12+ Y\u0131lTecr\u00fcbe, AU<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.enago.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/exp.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2428 alignleft lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.enago.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/exp.jpg\" alt=\"exp\" width=\"104\" height=\"110\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 104px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 104\/110;\" \/><\/a>Bir hipotezi test ederken e\u011fer deney, hipotezi destekleyecek bir sonuca ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yorsa, bu sonu\u00e7 yay\u0131mlanmaya de\u011fer olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Bununla birlikte, hipotezin yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yans\u0131tan beklenmeyen sonu\u00e7lar asla yay\u0131mlanmaz ve \u00e7o\u011fu dergi bu sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 yay\u0131mlamay\u0131 kabul etmez. D\u00f6n\u00fcp bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, negatif verilerin yay\u0131mlanmamas\u0131n\u0131n bilimi \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etkiledi\u011fini g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz bir\u00e7ok \u00f6rnek mevcuttur.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Michelson\u2013Morley deneyi dikkate de\u011fer bilimsel etkilere sahip olan negatif sonucun klasik bir \u00f6rne\u011fidir. Deneyi yapanlar \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 birbirinden farkl\u0131 eylemsizlik \u00e7er\u00e7evelerinde \u00f6l\u00e7t\u00fc\u2013D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n y\u00f6r\u00fcngesinin y\u00f6n\u00fcnde ve tersinde \u2013 ve o an i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli olan \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n yay\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 teorisine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak s\u0131rayla daha h\u0131zl\u0131 ve daha yava\u015f h\u0131zlar bulmay\u0131 bekliyorlard\u0131. Ancak, \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n her y\u00f6nde ayn\u0131 oldu\u011funu ke\u015ffettiler. Bu negatif sonu\u00e7 fizik camias\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck hayret uyand\u0131rd\u0131 ve sonunda g\u00f6receli\u011fin \u00f6zel teorisinin olu\u015fmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131. Bu \u201cnegatif sonu\u00e7\u201d, herhangi bir \u201cpozitif sonu\u00e7\u201dun bilimi ileriye g\u00f6t\u00fcrmek ad\u0131na yapaca\u011f\u0131 katk\u0131yla ayn\u0131 seviyede katk\u0131 yapt\u0131. Bug\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda, bu deneyin bir ba\u015fka kayda de\u011fer etkisi ise LIGO dedekt\u00f6rleri taraf\u0131ndan yer\u00e7ekimsel dalgalar\u0131n farkedilmesi oldu. Bu dedekt\u00f6r \u0131\u015f\u0131n demetlerinin birbirleriyle \u201ckesi\u015fme\u201d yollar\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mlad\u0131 ve \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n ge\u00e7erken \u0131\u015f\u0131n demetleri aras\u0131ndaki mesafelerinin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir de\u011fi\u015fimlerini a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa vurdu, ki bu da 1887\u2019deki Michelson\u2013Morley deneyinin temeliydi.\u00a0Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k toplulu\u011fu b\u00f6ylelikle bu tarz sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 yay\u0131mlama konusunda art\u0131k daha duyarl\u0131 olmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Herkesin eri\u015febildi\u011fi \u00a0f1000Research dergisi ya\u015fam bilimleri alan\u0131nda pozitif sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n yan\u0131nda negative sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 da yay\u0131mlarken, Journal of Negative Results in Biomedicine gibi dergiler yaln\u0131zca negative sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 yay\u0131ml\u0131yor. Bu bizim ho\u015f kar\u015f\u0131lamam\u0131z gereken bir ak\u0131m. Benim g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm, bilgiyi ileri g\u00f6t\u00fcrecek b\u00fct\u00fcn bilimsel verilerin yay\u0131mlanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde, pozitif ya da negatif\u2026<\/p>\n<p><strong>PhD, Organik Kimya,\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Bilimsel ve T\u0131bbi Yaz\u0131mda 6+ y\u0131l tecr\u00fcbe, ABD<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.enago.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/3.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2229 alignleft lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.enago.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/3.jpg\" alt=\"3\" width=\"104\" height=\"110\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 104px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 104\/110;\" \/><\/a>Sadece pozitif ara\u015ft\u0131rma sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 yay\u0131mlamak bir zorunluluk de\u011fildir. Yaln\u0131zca pozitif sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 yay\u0131nlamak s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 ve \u00e7arp\u0131k bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f elde edilmesine neden olur. Genelde, bilimsel deneyler esnas\u0131nda bir hipotez yarat\u0131l\u0131r, deneyler yap\u0131l\u0131r ve e\u011fer sonu\u00e7lar pozitifse teziniz veya yaz\u0131n\u0131z akademik dergiye g\u00f6nderilir, ancak sonu\u00e7lar negatif \u00e7\u0131karsa genellikle g\u00f6rmezden gelinir ve yay\u0131mlanmaz.\u00a0Yap\u0131labilecek daha tarafs\u0131z ve iyi bir yakla\u015f\u0131m ise sa\u011flam temelli hipotezleri temel alan deneylerin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 ne olursa olsun yay\u0131mlamakt\u0131r. Bunun daha iyi bir yakla\u015f\u0131m olmas\u0131n\u0131n iki ana sebebinden biri negatif sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 yay\u0131mlamay\u0131p yaln\u0131zca se\u00e7ilmi\u015f par\u00e7alar\u0131n yay\u0131mlanmas\u0131n\u0131n zaman ve kaynaklar\u0131n heba edilmesine yol a\u00e7acak olmas\u0131 ve ba\u015fka ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n ayn\u0131 sorular\u0131 g\u00f6z\u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurup ayn\u0131 deneyi tekrar yap\u0131p tekrar ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olacak olmalar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Negatif verinin yay\u0131mlanmas\u0131 daha b\u00fcy\u00fck veri payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131na ve bilim toplulu\u011fu taraf\u0131ndan daha b\u00fcy\u00fck ba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131n kazan\u0131lmas\u0131na ortam sa\u011flar. \u0130nsanlar genellikle ba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131ndan \u00e7ok hatalar\u0131ndan bir \u015feyler \u00f6\u011frenirler ve ayn\u0131s\u0131 bilim toplulu\u011fu i\u00e7in de s\u00f6ylenebilir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>MS, Bilgi Teknolojileri,\u00a0<\/strong><strong>11+ y\u0131l \u0130ngilizce-Japonca \u00c7eviri tecr\u00fcbesi, Japonya<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00d6zet:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Negatif veri yay\u0131mlanmas\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131\u015f\u0131yla birlikte, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar akademik bulgular\u0131 kopyalama s\u00fcrecinde birikmi\u015f ve ya hen\u00fcz yay\u0131mlanmam\u0131\u015f verileri yay\u0131mlatma imkan\u0131 bulacaklar. Negatif veri yay\u0131mlanmas\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lara, literat\u00fcr\u00fcn d\u00fczeltilmesi ve yarars\u0131z projelerde harcanacak zaman\u0131n kazan\u0131lmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan yarar sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Temel ve preklinik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131kl\u0131kla farkedilmektedir. Asl\u0131nda \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131lamayan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar literat\u00fcrde kalmaya devam etse de, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8205,"featured_media":20693,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1499,1495],"tags":[1583,1580],"ppma_author":[1659],"class_list":["post-2426","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-understanding-ethics","category-publishing-research","tag-scientific-transparency","tag-ethics-misconduct"],"acf":[],"single_webinar_page_date":null,"single_webinar_page_time":null,"session_agenda":null,"who_should_attend_this_session":null,"about_the_speaker_field":null,"co-webinar-sec":null,"co_webinar_sec_one":null,"speaker-name":null,"webinar-date":null,"webinar-time":null,"webinar-s-image":null,"custum_webinar_category":null,"authors":[{"term_id":1659,"user_id":8205,"is_guest":0,"slug":"enago","display_name":"enago","avatar_url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mm&r=g","author_category":"","first_name":"","last_name":"","user_url":"","job_title":"","description":""}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2426","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8205"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2426"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2426\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29520,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2426\/revisions\/29520"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20693"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2426"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2426"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2426"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=2426"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}