{"id":2649,"date":"2016-08-05T09:41:01","date_gmt":"2016-08-05T06:41:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enago.com.tr\/blog\/?p=2649"},"modified":"2021-04-16T17:07:36","modified_gmt":"2021-04-16T14:07:36","slug":"temel-bicimlendirme-yontemleri-nelerdir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/temel-bicimlendirme-yontemleri-nelerdir\/","title":{"rendered":"Temel Bi\u00e7imlendirme Y\u00f6ntemleri Nelerdir?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u0130\u00e7erik mi, bi\u00e7im mi?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Akademi d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda, ileri s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz fikirler kadar bilgiyi teknik olarak nas\u0131l sundu\u011funuz da \u00f6nemlidir. Akademik yaz\u0131mda, uyulmas\u0131 gereken baz\u0131 kurallar vard\u0131r. Bu seviyede kaleme al\u0131nan her konuda, belli beklentiler ve talep edilen bi\u00e7imsel tutarl\u0131l\u0131klar s\u00f6z konusudur. D\u00fczg\u00fcn al\u0131nt\u0131lama yap\u0131lmamas\u0131 ve kullan\u0131lan kaynaklar\u0131n referanslar\u0131n\u0131n uygun \u015fekilde belirtilmemesi, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131z \u00fczerinde olumsuz bir etki yaratacakt\u0131r. Makaleniz veya teziniz i\u00e7erik olarak ne kadar g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olursa olsun bi\u00e7im bak\u0131m\u0131ndan yeterli de\u011filse, de\u011ferlendirme s\u0131ras\u0131nda ve di\u011fer \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bu teknik yetersizlikler hakemlerin i\u00e7eri\u011fe odaklanmas\u0131na engel olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<div id=\"om-ceko1gku0mkfe69nxkbs-holder\"><\/div>\n<p><script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"https:\/\/a.omappapi.com\/app\/js\/api.min.js\" data-campaign=\"ceko1gku0mkfe69nxkbs\" data-user=\"41855\" async><\/script><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00dc\u00e7 b\u00fcy\u00fckler: APA, MLA VE CMOS<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Akademik bir makalede veya tezde kullan\u0131lan \u00fc\u00e7 temel stil vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n<p><strong>APA:<\/strong> Sosyoloji, psikoloji ve t\u0131p gibi bilimlerde s\u0131k\u00e7a kullan\u0131lan bir y\u00f6ntemdir. APA y\u00f6nteminde kaynak g\u00f6sterilirken, yazarlar\u0131n soyadlar\u0131, yap\u0131t\u0131n yay\u0131n tarihi ve al\u0131nt\u0131 yap\u0131lan sayfan\u0131n veya sayfalar\u0131n numaralar\u0131 belirtilir. Al\u0131nt\u0131 yap\u0131lan t\u00fcm kaynaklar, eksiksiz ve do\u011fru olarak \u201cKaynak\u00e7a\u201d sayfas\u0131nda listelenir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu y\u00f6ntemin di\u011fer kaynak g\u00f6sterme y\u00f6ntemlerinden fark\u0131, temelde yazar soyadlar\u0131n\u0131 ve yay\u0131n y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6n planda tutmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>APA\u2019de ayr\u0131ca:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Metindeki sat\u0131r aralar\u0131nda 2 sat\u0131r bo\u015fluk verilmelidir.<\/li>\n<li>Paragraflar soldan girintili olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>\u0130lk sayfa kapak sayfas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Makale i\u00e7inde, kitap, film gibi eser isimleri italik yaz\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Say\u0131sal ifadeler rakamla de\u011fil, yaz\u0131yla belirtilmelidir.<\/li>\n<li>Makale i\u00e7indeki ba\u015fl\u0131k ve alt ba\u015fl\u0131klar 5 d\u00fczeyde olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Makale uzun ve karma\u015f\u0131k de\u011filse, numaraland\u0131rmaya gerek yoktur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>APA y\u00f6ntemi kullan\u0131l\u0131rken yap\u0131lan en yayg\u0131n hatalar, s\u00fcr\u00fcmler aras\u0131 g\u00fcncellemelerin takip edilmemesinden kaynaklan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>MLA: <\/strong>Dil, edebiyat ve sanat alan\u0131nda yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu y\u00f6ntemde, APA y\u00f6nteminde oldu\u011fu gibi kullan\u0131lan t\u00fcm kaynaklar \u201cKaynak\u00e7a\u201d k\u0131sm\u0131nda g\u00f6sterilir.\u00a0Bu y\u00f6ntemde, yazar ve yap\u0131t isimleri \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kar. Kaynaklar, yazarlar\u0131n soyad\u0131na g\u00f6re alfabetik olarak s\u0131ralan\u0131r. E\u011fer yazar ad\u0131 bilinmiyorsa ya da kurumsal dok\u00fcmanlardan yararlan\u0131l\u0131yorsa, yap\u0131t\u0131n ad\u0131 baz al\u0131n\u0131r. Bir yazar\u0131n birden \u00e7ok eserinden al\u0131nt\u0131 varsa, bunlar da alfabetik s\u0131rayla yaz\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>MLA kullan\u0131l\u0131rken en s\u0131k rastlanan hata, genelde en temel ve en kolay kural olan alfabetik s\u0131ralamaya dikkat edilmemesidir. Bu y\u00f6ntem, isimlerin yaz\u0131lmas\u0131 konusunda bazen APA ile kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. APA\u2019de ilk isimlerin ba\u015f harfleri kullan\u0131l\u0131rken, MLA\u2019de ilk ismin tamam\u0131 ve ikinci ismin ba\u015f harfi kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Asl\u0131nda MLA\u2019in el kitab\u0131na daha s\u0131k ba\u015fvurulursa, bu yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131klar en aza indirilebilir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>CMOS<\/strong>: A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak be\u015feri, sosyal bilimler ve tarihi b\u00fcltenlerde kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu stilin iki \u00e7e\u015fidi vard\u0131r; Not-Bibliyografya Sistemi ve Yazar-Tarih Sistemi.<\/p>\n<p>Chicago Not-Bibliyografya sistemi, genellikle edebiyat, tarih ve sanat alanlar\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Cilt, bask\u0131 kayd\u0131, bas\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer, y\u0131l ve yay\u0131nc\u0131 ve sayfa gibi bilgiler, kayna\u011fa at\u0131fta bulunulan k\u0131s\u0131mlarda dipnot olarak verilir. Bazen bu bilgilerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 dipnotta yer al\u0131r. Di\u011fer t\u00fcm bibliyografik bilgiler ise ilgili sayfan\u0131n sonunda belirtilir.<\/p>\n<p>Yazar-Tarih Sistemi ise genel olarak sosyal bilimlerde kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu y\u00f6ntemde al\u0131nt\u0131lanan kelime veya c\u00fcmlelerin yazar\u0131 ve tarihi bilgileri sayfada verilir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>G\u00fcncellemelere dikkat!<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Genellikle bu \u00fc\u00e7 y\u00f6ntemden biri kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Ancak baz\u0131 durumlarda, \u00fc\u00e7 y\u00f6ntemin de bilinmesi gerekebilir. Hangi metodu kullan\u0131rsan\u0131z kullan\u0131n, tezinizin veya makalenizin bi\u00e7im bak\u0131m\u0131ndan uygun oldu\u011fundan emin olmak i\u00e7in, se\u00e7ti\u011finiz y\u00f6ntemin en g\u00fcncel s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kullanmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z zira her \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc de y\u0131llar i\u00e7inde g\u00fcncellenmi\u015ftir. APA, MLA ve CMOS kurallar\u0131nda \u00a0yap\u0131lan de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri s\u0131ras\u0131yla a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki web sitelerinde bulabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n<p><a rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.apastyle.org\/\">https:\/\/www.apastyle.org<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mla.org\/style\">https:\/\/www.mla.org\/style<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.chicagomanualofstyle.org\/\">https:\/\/www.chicagomanualofstyle.org\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0130\u00e7erik mi, bi\u00e7im mi? Akademi d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda, ileri s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz fikirler kadar bilgiyi teknik olarak nas\u0131l sundu\u011funuz [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8205,"featured_media":20449,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1491,1489],"tags":[1526,1541,1528],"ppma_author":[1659],"class_list":["post-2649","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-journal-guidelines","category-reporting-research","tag-manuscript-preparation-guidelines","tag-manuscript-drafting-tips","tag-instructions-for-authors"],"acf":[],"single_webinar_page_date":null,"single_webinar_page_time":null,"session_agenda":null,"who_should_attend_this_session":null,"about_the_speaker_field":null,"co-webinar-sec":null,"co_webinar_sec_one":null,"speaker-name":null,"webinar-date":null,"webinar-time":null,"webinar-s-image":null,"custum_webinar_category":null,"authors":[{"term_id":1659,"user_id":8205,"is_guest":0,"slug":"enago","display_name":"enago","avatar_url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mm&r=g","author_category":"","first_name":"","last_name":"","user_url":"","job_title":"","description":""}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2649","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8205"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2649"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2649\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29513,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2649\/revisions\/29513"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20449"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2649"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2649"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2649"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=2649"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}