{"id":29981,"date":"2022-12-14T07:51:32","date_gmt":"2022-12-14T04:51:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/?p=29981"},"modified":"2026-01-06T12:52:09","modified_gmt":"2026-01-06T09:52:09","slug":"qualitative-vs-quantitative-research","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/qualitative-vs-quantitative-research\/","title":{"rendered":"Nitel ve Nicel Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Metodolojileri \u0130\u00e7in Eksiksiz Bir K\u0131lavuz"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda sizlere nitel ve nicel verilerden bahsedece\u011fiz, ve bunlar\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar ve farkl\u0131 metotlar i\u00e7erisinde nas\u0131l yer buldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterece\u011fiz. \u00d6ncelikle baz\u0131 temel kavramlar\u0131n iyi bilinmesi i\u00e7in \u015fu tan\u0131mlamalar\u0131 g\u00f6relim.<\/p>\n<p><strong>De\u011fi\u015fken<\/strong>, bir nesnenin \u00f6zelli\u011fidir. De\u011ferleri, bir veri k\u00fcmesi i\u00e7in birden fazla olabilir. Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda sadece iki ana de\u011fi\u015fken t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc ele al\u0131yoruz (nicel ve nitel).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Nicel De\u011fi\u015fkenler<\/strong> &#8211; De\u011ferleri bir \u015feyi saymaktan veya \u00f6l\u00e7mekten kaynaklanan de\u011fi\u015fkenler. \u00d6rnekler: boy, kilo, 100 yarda ko\u015fusunda ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre, m\u00fc\u015fteriye sat\u0131lan \u00fcr\u00fcn say\u0131s\u0131<\/p>\n<p><strong>Niteliksel De\u011fi\u015fkenler<\/strong> &#8211; \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm de\u011fi\u015fkenleri olmayan de\u011fi\u015fkenler. De\u011ferleri, \u00f6l\u00e7me veya sayma sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaz. \u00d6rnekler: sa\u00e7 rengi, din, siyasi parti, meslek<\/p>\n<p><strong>G\u00f6sterge<\/strong> &#8211; Bir tablodaki ki\u015fileri tan\u0131mlamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan de\u011ferler. G\u00f6sterge de\u011ferleri genellikle bir tabloda tekrarlanmaz, ancak de\u011fi\u015fken de\u011ferleri s\u0131kl\u0131kla tekrar eder. \u00d6rnekler: bir tak\u0131m \u00fcyesinin ad\u0131, r\u00fctbesi, forma numaras\u0131, cep telefonu numaras\u0131, lisans numaras\u0131.<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_74 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/qualitative-vs-quantitative-research\/#Nicel_ve_nitel_veriler_neden_onemlidir\" >Nicel ve nitel veriler neden \u00f6nemlidir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/qualitative-vs-quantitative-research\/#Niteliksel_verinin_tanimi\" >Niteliksel verinin tan\u0131m\u0131<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/qualitative-vs-quantitative-research\/#Nicel_verinin_tanimi\" >Nicel verinin tan\u0131m\u0131<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/qualitative-vs-quantitative-research\/#Nicel_ve_nitel_verileri_nasil_kullanabilirsiniz\" >Nicel ve nitel verileri nas\u0131l kullanabilirsiniz?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/qualitative-vs-quantitative-research\/#A_Frekans_sayilari\" >A) Frekans say\u0131lar\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/qualitative-vs-quantitative-research\/#B_Tanimlayici_ozet_istatistikler\" >B) Tan\u0131mlay\u0131c\u0131 (\u00f6zet) istatistikler:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/qualitative-vs-quantitative-research\/#C_Cikarimsal_istatistik\" >C) \u00c7\u0131kar\u0131msal istatistik:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/qualitative-vs-quantitative-research\/#Nitel_ve_nicel_veriler_arasindaki_temel_farkliliklar\" >Nitel ve nicel veriler aras\u0131ndaki temel farkl\u0131l\u0131klar<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nicel_ve_nitel_veriler_neden_onemlidir\"><\/span>Nicel ve nitel veriler neden \u00f6nemlidir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0130statistik \u00e7ok fazla bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n temelini olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r ve tamamen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve veri toplama ile ilgilidir. \u0130statistikte, birincil veriler, nitel veriler ve nicel veriler olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lan eldeki sorunu \u00e7\u00f6zmek i\u00e7in ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan elde edilen verilerdir. Nitel veriler, g\u00f6zlemlenebilen ancak hesaplanamayan betimlemelerle ilgili verilerdir. Aksine, nicel veriler, say\u0131lara ve matematiksel hesaplamalara odaklanan, hesaplan\u0131p hesaplanabilen verilerdir. Bu veri t\u00fcrleri pazarlama, sosyoloji, i\u015fletme, halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve daha pek \u00e7ok alanda kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Nicel veriler, de\u011ferlerin veya say\u0131lar\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcleridir ve say\u0131 olarak ifade edilir. Nicel veriler, say\u0131sal de\u011fi\u015fkenlerle ilgili verilerdir (\u00f6rne\u011fin, ka\u00e7 tane; ne kadar; veya ne s\u0131kl\u0131kta). Niteliksel veya nitel veriler ise &#8216;t\u00fcr&#8217; \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fctleridir ve bir ad, sembol veya say\u0131 kodu ile temsil edilebilir. Nitel veriler, kategorik de\u011fi\u015fkenlerle ilgili verilerdir (\u00f6rne\u011fin, ne t\u00fcr).<\/p>\n<p>Say\u0131sal bir de\u011fi\u015fken hakk\u0131nda toplanan veriler her zaman nicel olacakt\u0131r ve kategorik bir de\u011fi\u015fken hakk\u0131nda toplanan veriler her zaman nitel olacakt\u0131r. Bu nedenle, de\u011fi\u015fkenin say\u0131sal m\u0131 yoksa kategorik mi oldu\u011funa ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak veri t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc toplamadan \u00f6nce belirleyebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<p>Nicel ve nitel veriler farkl\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar sa\u011flar ve genellikle bir pop\u00fclasyonun tam bir resmini elde etmek i\u00e7in birlikte kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, veriler y\u0131ll\u0131k gelir (nicel) \u00fczerine toplan\u0131yorsa, her meslek t\u00fcr\u00fc i\u00e7in ortalama y\u0131ll\u0131k gelir hakk\u0131nda daha fazla ayr\u0131nt\u0131 elde etmek i\u00e7in meslek verileri (nitel) de toplanabilir.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130lgilenilen de\u011fi\u015fkenin say\u0131sal veya kategorik olmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ayn\u0131 veri biriminden nicel ve nitel veriler toplanabilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin:<\/p>\n<p><u>N\u00fcmerik de\u011fi\u015fken\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nicel veri\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/u><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Ka\u00e7 \u00e7ocu\u011fun var?&#8221;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 3 \u00e7ocuk<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Ne kadar kazan\u0131yorsun?&#8221;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 18000 TL<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Ka\u00e7 saat \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorsun?&#8221;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Haftada 20 saat<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Ev ka\u00e7 metrekare?&#8221;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 145 metre kare<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;\u015eu anda ka\u00e7 i\u015f\u00e7i \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor?&#8221;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 246 i\u015f\u00e7i<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;\u00c7iftlikte ka\u00e7 tane s\u00fct ine\u011fi var?\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 35 inek<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><u>Kategorik de\u011fi\u015fken\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nitel veri\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/u><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;\u00c7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131z hangi \u00fclkede do\u011fdu?&#8221;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130ngiltere<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Mesle\u011finiz nedir?&#8221;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Doktor<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Tam zamanl\u0131 m\u0131 yoksa yar\u0131 zamanl\u0131 m\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorsunuz?&#8221;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Tam zamanl\u0131<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Ev hangi \u015fehirde veya kasabada bulunuyor?&#8221;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130stanbul<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;\u0130\u015fin sekt\u00f6r\u00fc nedir?&#8221;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Biyoteknoloji<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;\u00c7iftli\u011fin ana faaliyeti nedir?&#8221;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 S\u00fct \u00fcr\u00fcnleri<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Niteliksel_verinin_tanimi\"><\/span>Niteliksel verinin tan\u0131m\u0131<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Niteliksel veriler, belirli bir sorun hakk\u0131nda i\u00e7g\u00f6r\u00fc ve anlay\u0131\u015f sa\u011flayan verileri ifade eder. Yakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir ancak hesaplanamaz. Bu nedenle, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 veri toplamadan \u00f6nce \u00f6zelli\u011fin t\u00fcr\u00fc hakk\u0131nda tam bilgiye sahip olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Verilerin do\u011fas\u0131 tan\u0131mlay\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r ve bu nedenle analiz edilmesi biraz zordur. Bu t\u00fcr veriler, nesnenin fiziksel \u00f6zelliklerine ve \u00f6zelliklerine g\u00f6re kategoriler halinde s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131labilir. Veriler rakamlardan ziyade s\u00f6zl\u00fc veya yaz\u0131l\u0131 anlat\u0131mlar olarak yorumlan\u0131r. Koku, g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm, tat, his, doku, cinsiyet, milliyet vb. a\u00e7\u0131lardan g\u00f6zlemlenebilir verilerle ilgilidir. Nitel veri toplama y\u00f6ntemleri \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Odak grubu<\/li>\n<li>G\u00f6zlem<\/li>\n<li>R\u00f6portajlar<\/li>\n<li>Gazeteler gibi ar\u015fiv materyalleri.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nicel_verinin_tanimi\"><\/span>Nicel verinin tan\u0131m\u0131<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Nicel veri, ad\u0131ndan da anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 gibi, miktar veya say\u0131larla ilgilenen veridir. De\u011ferleri ve say\u0131lar\u0131 hesaplayan ve say\u0131sal olarak ifade edilebilen verileri ifade eder nicel veri denir. \u0130statistikte, analizlerin \u00e7o\u011fu bu veriler kullan\u0131larak yap\u0131l\u0131r. Nicel veriler, hesaplama ve istatistiksel testlerde kullan\u0131labilir. Boy, kilo, hacim, uzunluk, boyut, nem, h\u0131z, ya\u015f vb. gibi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerle ilgilidir. Verilerin \u00e7izelgeler, grafikler, tablolar vb. bi\u00e7iminde tablo \u015feklinde ve \u015fematik sunumu da m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. veriler ayr\u0131k veya s\u00fcrekli veriler olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131labilir. veri toplamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan y\u00f6ntemler \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Anketler<\/li>\n<li>Deneyler<\/li>\n<li>G\u00f6zlemler ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nicel_ve_nitel_verileri_nasil_kullanabilirsiniz\"><\/span>Nicel ve nitel verileri nas\u0131l kullanabilirsiniz?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u00dcretilebilecek istatistikleri etkiledi\u011finden, verilerin niceliksel mi yoksa niteliksel mi oldu\u011funu belirlemek \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"A_Frekans_sayilari\"><\/span>A) Frekans say\u0131lar\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Bir veri \u00f6\u011fesi (de\u011fi\u015fken) i\u00e7in bir g\u00f6zlemin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fme say\u0131s\u0131 (s\u0131kl\u0131k) hem nicel hem de nitel veriler i\u00e7in g\u00f6sterilebilir. Bu <a href=\"https:\/\/www.abs.gov.au\/websitedbs\/D3310114.nsf\/Home\/Statistical+Language+-+quantitative+and+qualitative+data\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">\u00f6rnekteki<\/a> grafikler nicel ve nitel verileri nas\u0131l g\u00f6sterdiklerini anlamak i\u00e7in incelenebilir, ve ayr\u0131ca verilerin (nitel ve nicel ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 olacak \u015fekilde) frekans da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterecek \u015fekilde nas\u0131l d\u00fczenlemesi gerekti\u011fine dikkat ediniz.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"B_Tanimlayici_ozet_istatistikler\"><\/span>B) Tan\u0131mlay\u0131c\u0131 (\u00f6zet) istatistikler:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Tan\u0131mlayan veya \u00f6zetleyen istatistikler, nicel veriler i\u00e7in ve daha az \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde nitel veriler i\u00e7in \u00fcretilebilir. Nicel veriler her zaman say\u0131sal oldu\u011fundan, s\u0131ralanabilir, toplanabilir ve bir g\u00f6zlemin s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 say\u0131labilir. Bu nedenle, t\u00fcm tan\u0131mlay\u0131c\u0131 istatistikler nicel veriler kullan\u0131larak hesaplanabilir. Niteliksel veriler bireysel (birbirini d\u0131\u015flayan) kategorileri temsil etti\u011finden, bu tekniklerin \u00e7o\u011fu mant\u0131ksal olarak en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckten en y\u00fckse\u011fe do\u011fru s\u0131ralanabilen ve bir say\u0131m\u0131 ifade eden say\u0131sal de\u011ferler gerektirdi\u011finden, hesaplanabilecek tan\u0131mlay\u0131c\u0131 istatistikler s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r. Mod, en s\u0131k g\u00f6zlenen de\u011fer oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in hesaplanabilir. Medyan, \u015fekil \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcleri, aral\u0131k ve \u00e7eyrekler aras\u0131 aral\u0131k gibi da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcleri, mant\u0131ksal alt u\u00e7 de\u011feri ve \u00fcst u\u00e7 de\u011feri olan s\u0131ral\u0131 bir veri seti gerektirir. Varyans ve standart sapma, say\u0131sal de\u011ferleri olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in kategorik de\u011fi\u015fkenler i\u00e7in uygun olmayan ortalaman\u0131n hesaplanmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"C_Cikarimsal_istatistik\"><\/span>C) \u00c7\u0131kar\u0131msal istatistik:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Bir \u00f6rneklemden nicel veriler hakk\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131mlar yaparak, toplam n\u00fcfus i\u00e7in tahminler veya projeksiyonlar \u00fcretilebilir. Nicel veriler, bir pop\u00fclasyon hakk\u0131nda daha geni\u015f bir anlay\u0131\u015f sa\u011flamak veya bu pop\u00fclasyonun gelecekte nas\u0131l de\u011fi\u015febilece\u011fini veya ilerleyebilece\u011fini de\u011ferlendirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, 2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u00e7in basit bir gelir projeksiyonu, 2000, 2005 ve 2010 y\u0131llar\u0131nda toplanan verilerin de\u011fi\u015fim oran\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131labilir. B\u00f6yle bir veri bir grafikte haz\u0131rlanabilir. (\u00d6rnek grafik \u015f\u00f6yle olabilir: Zaman i\u00e7inde toplanan veriler her be\u015f y\u0131lda bir %5&#8217;lik bir art\u0131\u015fa i\u015faret eder. Bu nedenle, art\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde devam etmesi halinde, o \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n 2015 y\u0131l\u0131 y\u0131ll\u0131k gelirinin 46.305 ABD Dolar\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir; 44.100 $ olan 2010 maa\u015f\u0131 %5 daha artt\u0131 gibi bir yorum \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olur.)<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nitel_ve_nicel_veriler_arasindaki_temel_farkliliklar\"><\/span>Nitel ve nicel veriler aras\u0131ndaki temel farkl\u0131l\u0131klar<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Niteliksel ve niceliksel veriler aras\u0131ndaki <a href=\"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/qualitative-vs-quantitative-research\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">temel fark noktalar\u0131<\/a> a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da belirtilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Nesnelerin s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n niteliklere dayal\u0131 oldu\u011fu veri t\u00fcr\u00fcne nitel veri denir. Say\u0131labilen, say\u0131 ve de\u011ferlerle ifade edilebilen veri t\u00fcr\u00fcne ise nicel veri denir.<\/li>\n<li>Ara\u015ft\u0131rma metodolojisi, nitel verilerde, yani i\u00e7g\u00f6r\u00fc ve anlay\u0131\u015f sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in ke\u015ffedicidir. \u00d6te yandan, belirli bir hipotezi test etmeyi ve ili\u015fkileri incelemeyi ama\u00e7layan nicel veriler do\u011fas\u0131 gere\u011fi kesindir.<\/li>\n<li>Nitel veriler s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda sorgulama yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6znel ve b\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fclken, nicel veriler nesnel ve odaklanm\u0131\u015f bir yakla\u015f\u0131ma sahiptir.<\/li>\n<li>Veri t\u00fcr\u00fc niteliksel oldu\u011funda, analiz istatistiksel de\u011fildir. \u0130statistiksel analiz ise nicel verileri kullan\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Nitel verilerde, yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f bir veri toplama s\u00f6z konusudur. Buna kar\u015f\u0131, veri toplama nicel verilerde yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Nitel veriler anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n derinli\u011fini belirlerken, nicel veriler ger\u00e7ekle\u015fme derecesini belirler.<\/li>\n<li>Nicel veriler tamamen &#8216;Ne kadar veya ka\u00e7 tane&#8217; ile ilgilidir. Aksine, nitel veriler &#8216;Neden&#8217; diye sorar.<\/li>\n<li>Nitel verilerde \u00f6rneklem b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr ve bu da temsili olmayan \u00f6rneklemlerden al\u0131n\u0131r. Tersine, temsili \u00f6rnekten al\u0131nan nicel verilerde \u00f6rnek boyutu b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr.<\/li>\n<li>Niteliksel veriler ilk anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirir, yani sorunu tan\u0131mlar. Nihai eylem plan\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6neren nicel verilerden farkl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda sizlere nitel ve nicel verilerden bahsedece\u011fiz, ve bunlar\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar ve farkl\u0131 metotlar i\u00e7erisinde [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8267,"featured_media":29982,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1490,1489],"tags":[1605,1600],"ppma_author":[1656],"class_list":["post-29981","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-language-grammar","category-reporting-research","tag-research-data-management","tag-tips-for-phd-students"],"acf":[],"single_webinar_page_date":null,"single_webinar_page_time":null,"session_agenda":null,"who_should_attend_this_session":null,"about_the_speaker_field":null,"co-webinar-sec":null,"co_webinar_sec_one":null,"speaker-name":null,"webinar-date":null,"webinar-time":null,"webinar-s-image":null,"custum_webinar_category":null,"authors":[{"term_id":1656,"user_id":8267,"is_guest":0,"slug":"developersid","display_name":"developersid","avatar_url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/ac1364def40b04953d83a9610d34a15281886a26dfb5260bf0ec6b4f98db3d40?s=96&d=mm&r=g","author_category":"1","first_name":"Nilesh","last_name":"Waghela","user_url":"","job_title":"","description":""}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29981","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8267"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29981"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29981\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30149,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29981\/revisions\/30149"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/29982"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29981"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29981"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29981"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=29981"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}