{"id":563,"date":"2014-07-04T13:47:03","date_gmt":"2014-07-04T13:47:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.enago.com.tr\/blog\/?p=563"},"modified":"2021-04-27T16:36:40","modified_gmt":"2021-04-27T13:36:40","slug":"fahri-yazarlik-ile-hayalet-yazarlik-arasindaki-farklar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/fahri-yazarlik-ile-hayalet-yazarlik-arasindaki-farklar\/","title":{"rendered":"Fahri Yazarl\u0131k ile Hayalet Yazarl\u0131k Aras\u0131ndaki Farklar"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u015eeffafl\u0131k ve denetim eksikli\u011fi, y\u0131llard\u0131r akademi d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n sorunlar\u0131ndan biri olmu\u015ftur. Bunun sonucunda da ortaya bilim toplumda sak\u0131ncal\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclen yazarl\u0131k t\u00fcrleri ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunlardan biri fahri yazarl\u0131k olarak adland\u0131rabilece\u011fimiz, di\u011feri de \u0130ngilizcede \u201cghost writer\u201d olarak ge\u00e7en, T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye ise g\u00f6lge veya\u00a0hayalet\u00a0yazarl\u0131k olarak \u00e7evirebilece\u011fimiz yazarl\u0131k t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr.\u00a0 Peki, bu iki yazarl\u0131k t\u00fcr\u00fc neden akademi d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda sak\u0131ncal\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr ve tam olarak ne anlama gelir?<\/p>\n<div id=\"om-ceko1gku0mkfe69nxkbs-holder\"><\/div>\n<p><script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"https:\/\/a.omappapi.com\/app\/js\/api.min.js\" data-campaign=\"ceko1gku0mkfe69nxkbs\" data-user=\"41855\" async><\/script><\/p>\n<p><b>Fahri Yazarl\u0131k<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Fahri yazarlar bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmada yazar olarak ge\u00e7en fakat <a rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Bilimsel Yazarl\u0131k Hakk\u0131nda Bilmeniz Gerekenler\" href=\"https:\/\/www.enago.com.tr\/blog\/bilimsel-yazarlik-hakkinda-bilmeniz-gerekenler\/\">yazarl\u0131k kriterlerini<\/a> kar\u015f\u0131lamayan ki\u015filerdir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma i\u00e7inde sorumluluk almam\u0131\u015f ki\u015filer de fahri yazar olarak adland\u0131r\u0131labilir. Bu t\u00fcr yazarl\u0131k uygulamalar\u0131, ki\u015fileri olduklar\u0131ndan fazla bir yetkide g\u00f6sterdikleri i\u00e7in kurumlar ve yay\u0131nc\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan kabul g\u00f6rmezler. Fahri yazarl\u0131k hangi ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda yayg\u0131n veya halen s\u00fcren bir uygulama tam olarak bilinmiyor. Fakat hala yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek mant\u0131kl\u0131 geliyor, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc b\u00fcy\u00fck ara\u015ft\u0131rma gruplar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6neten k\u0131demli bilim insanlar\u0131 grubun yay\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki uzun yazarl\u0131k listelerinde kendi adlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmeyi isterler. Neden mi? \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00fcnlerine \u00fcn katarlar da ondan. Bu y\u00fczden de fahri yazarl\u0131ktan vazge\u00e7mek onlar i\u00e7in \u00e7ok kolay bir yol de\u011fil.<\/p>\n<p>Yay\u0131nc\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan fahri yazarl\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 baz\u0131 \u00f6nlemler al\u0131nmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. \u00d6rne\u011fin uygulamalardan biri her yeni makale i\u00e7in ara\u015ft\u0131rmada ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en t\u00fcm yazarlar\u0131n sorumlulu\u011funu belirten a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131n istenmesi. Tabii ki bu y\u00f6ntemin tam olarak nas\u0131l uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 projeden projeye de\u011fi\u015febilir. Ya da baz\u0131 k\u0131demli bilim insanlar\u0131 projeye liderlik ettiklerini s\u00f6yleyip fahri yazarl\u0131k su\u00e7lamas\u0131na bir cevap verebilirler. Yine de bu tarz denetlemelerin fahri yazarl\u0131k uygulamas\u0131n\u0131 azaltaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 umuyorlar.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>Hayalet Yazarl\u0131k<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Hayalet yazarl\u0131\u011f\u0131, fahri yazarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n tam tersi olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebiliriz. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya \u00f6nemli katk\u0131lar\u0131 olan, yazarl\u0131k kriterlerini kar\u015f\u0131layan, fakat ismi yazarlar aras\u0131nda ge\u00e7meyen ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, akademisyenlere hayalet veya g\u00f6lge yazarlar denir. Bu yazarl\u0131k t\u00fcr\u00fc de sak\u0131ncal\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00e7\u0131kar \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 olan ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya olan kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 gizlemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir. Buna \u00f6rnek olarak \u015funu verebiliriz: Bir ila\u00e7 firmas\u0131, hayalet yazarlara veya bu konuda yaz\u0131 ve makaleler haz\u0131rlayan \u015firketlere \u00f6deme yap\u0131p kendi yeni \u00fcretti\u011fi ila\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131karan belki biraz da abartan yaz\u0131lar haz\u0131rlatabilir. Fakat rakip \u015firketler bunu yakalarlarsa i\u015fte o zaman konu daval\u0131k olur \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc hayalet yazarl\u0131k vas\u0131tas\u0131 ile haks\u0131z bir rekabete yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f olurlar. Bu \u00f6rne\u011fi neden mi verdim? \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f bir olay.<\/p>\n<p>Baz\u0131 durumlarda yazarlar\u0131n ismi, kendilerinin izni olmadan yazarlar\u0131n aras\u0131na eklenebilir. Bu problemli bir durumdur \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ismi yaz\u0131lan yazar art\u0131k projenin sorumlulu\u011funu ve do\u011frulu\u011funu istemese de \u00fczerine alm\u0131\u015f olur.\u00a0 K\u0131sacas\u0131 g\u00fcvenilir yazarl\u0131k; akademi, ara\u015ft\u0131rma kurumlar\u0131 ve bilimsel dergiler i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir sorun olmaya devam etmektedir. Ancak hi\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesiz, yazarlar\u0131n tam ve \u015feffaf bir \u015fekilde belirtilmesi, bilimsel yay\u0131nlar\u0131n hakikili\u011fini ve sayg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in gereklidir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u015eeffafl\u0131k ve denetim eksikli\u011fi, y\u0131llard\u0131r akademi d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n sorunlar\u0131ndan biri olmu\u015ftur. Bunun sonucunda da ortaya bilim [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8267,"featured_media":20409,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1499,1495],"tags":[1577,1578],"ppma_author":[1656],"class_list":["post-563","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-understanding-ethics","category-publishing-research","tag-contributor-vs-co-author","tag-honorary-ghost-authorships"],"acf":[],"single_webinar_page_date":null,"single_webinar_page_time":null,"session_agenda":null,"who_should_attend_this_session":null,"about_the_speaker_field":null,"co-webinar-sec":null,"co_webinar_sec_one":null,"speaker-name":null,"webinar-date":null,"webinar-time":null,"webinar-s-image":null,"custum_webinar_category":null,"authors":[{"term_id":1656,"user_id":8267,"is_guest":0,"slug":"developersid","display_name":"developersid","avatar_url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/ac1364def40b04953d83a9610d34a15281886a26dfb5260bf0ec6b4f98db3d40?s=96&d=mm&r=g","author_category":"1","first_name":"Nilesh","last_name":"Waghela","user_url":"","job_title":"","description":""}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/563","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8267"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=563"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/563\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29554,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/563\/revisions\/29554"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20409"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=563"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=563"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=563"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=563"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}